Archive for July, 2011

postheadericon Linguistic Facts in Former SFRY

Serbia and Montenegro gained the official title of the nation as of February 4, 2003, as a result of the evolution of restructuring the country previously known as The SFRY. Serbia and Montenegro is the largest share of the former Socialistic Federative Republic of Yugoslavia and made up of two states: Serbia and Montenegro.
Within Serbia, there are two quasi-independent provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo was under the supervision of the United Nations since 1999. Language policy and turns of the history, title status and names of different languages took an important part in the numerous ethnical unrests that took place from 1990 to 1999 and it is still a super sensitive problem in the total territory of the Balkans. Best Italian translation
The state tongue of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the territory of Serbia without Kosovo, or 88% of the inhabitants); the same legal status is given to both the Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet, but the former is favored by Serbian authorities. Minority languages, which are also in official use in the parts where they are spoken, are Hungarian (in line with the 2002 census info of the StatsOffice of the Republic of Serbia, estimated at 286 500 natives), Bosnian (134 500 people), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 citizens), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 speakers), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Minority languages are used at all levels of education: in early schools, high schools, and at technical schools and universities. The first linguistic consequence of the political and ethnic vulnerabilities of the last decade of XX century is that the language that previously was officially called Serbo-Croat has received a number of new ethnically and politically grounded titles. Thus, the titles Bosnian, Croat and Serbianare governmentally determined and refer to the same language with acceptable slight variations. The language has two major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
But, as a rule, Ekavian is spread more in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these dialects do not coincide with the ethnically motivated names.
The language map in Kosovo is less clear at present, as about 300 000 refugees from this province, mostly Serbs, are still in the process of returning to their places. This situation makes the figures of natives reported unpredictable. Today, by the authority of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the inhabitants of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The rest of the people (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: Greek translation service
The title language of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are recent tendencies to introduce the term Montenegrin, either parallel to or instead of the term Serbian. Just as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term addresses the one language that was named Serbo-Croat, and is rather a matter of political resolutions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the StatOffice of the Republic of Montenegro show that around 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, declare themselves as natives of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, some 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and approx. 3000 speak other languages.

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